There is practically no person who at least once in his life would not have pain in the back in the lower back.By this, we pay for the uprising and our household habits.
In addition to damage that can affect the spine, its muscles, nerves and ligaments, it should be borne in mind that sometimes the back in the lower backing area hurts with internal diseases - kidney disease, gastrointestinal tract, and female genital organs.
Symptoms of pain in the lower back can vary from stupid to sharp.The pain can take place independently or go into chronic (the symptom is present longer than three months).
Dangerous!
Take a doctor immediately if:
- Pain in the lumbar region arose sharply after an obvious back injury;
- The temperature rose sharply, there are autonomic disorders, loss of consciousness, sweating, breathing difficulty;
- involuntary emptying of the intestines and bladder occurs;
- numbness is felt in the groin;
- There was a weakness of the lower extremities, their paresis or paralysis, impaired sensitivity;
- pain is given to the stomach and sharply intensify with coughing or sneezing;
- Symptoms appeared against the background of sharp weight loss, long -term use of steroids, immunodeficiency;
- In family history, there were cases of cancer, inflammatory or degenerative diseases of bone-cherry tissue.
Why does the back hurt in the lower back?
Miofascial pain
Muscle stretching or spasm can develop gradually or happen suddenly.With a high load, damage is affected not only by muscle fibers, but also by a ligamentous apparatus and fascia.
Lining muscle pains appear after:
- raising heavy weights or excessive load during work or sports;
- Sports from time to time.The muscles are especially vulnerable, if you are inactive during the working week, and then spend the clock in the gym on the weekend;
- a sharp increase in the weight of their own body, behind which muscles do not have time to grow;
- long sitting or standing in an uncomfortable position;
- everyday wearing of a bag in one of the hands or over the shoulder;
- Moster disorders.The spine best performs its supporting and protective function when you do not stoop.The muscles in the lower back experience the smallest load when you sit with a good support under the lower back, and in the position stand evenly distribute the weight to both legs.
If the back is sick after a bruise, a fracture, stretching, hypothermia, an infectious disease or the installed helminthic invasion, then the myositis (inflammation) of the lower back muscles can be suspected.Severe pain is constantly present due to inflammation of the muscle fibers, “nodules” are felt in the muscles-spasm.Inflammation can be acute or to take a chronic form.With a long course of the disease, the pain is unstable, intensify with prolonged lying or sitting, closer to evening or to change the weather.Touching the muscles causes a feeling of pain and discomfort, the lower back muscles are in constant tension, inflammatory edema forms, the temperature rises locally and at the level of the whole organism.
In case of muscle spasm, the roots of the spinal nerves are infringed on, so the attacks often resemble a picture of Ishias or radiculitis - burning severe pains on the back of the thigh and lower leg are noted, the limbs are numb, and lose sensitivity.A pronounced muscle tone for myositis makes the patient take a forced position, he walks and lies twisting, moves on half -bent legs.
How to treat muscle pain of the spine?To eliminate inflammation and pain, non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs and analgesics are used.Medicines can be taken in the form of tablets, ointments, injections, transdermal plasters with a gradual release of active substances.An irritating and warming ointments are also used, which reflexively increase blood flow to the muscles of the lower back.A larger volume of flowing blood helps to leach products of inflammation and decay of tissues.
Injections of corticosteroids and vasodotonizing drugs contribute to a decrease in inflammatory edema.
If the cause of myosite is an infection or poisoning of the body with worms toxins, then therapy is initially carried out with antibiotics or anthelmintic agents.In this case, it is impossible to use warming ointments or compresses.
Diseases of the ridge involving nerve endings
In the lumbar section, the vertebrae is separated by elastic cartilaginous discs that protect the ridge from injuries, but themselves are subject to wear and aging.
Normally, the disk is a jelly -like pulpic core surrounded by a denser layer of a fibrous ring.The elasticity of the nucleus is due to its ability to bind and hold water: when the load increases, it accumulates water, and elasticity increases, when the pressure is reduced, the core gives water and becomes flatter.
Osteochondrosis in the spinal department develops in case of violation of the food disks (their "drying") or with excessive local load.Most often, the lower back pains are due to the fact that the lower poles of its intervertebral discs carry the largest load during the seat, when lifting the weights in front of themselves.At the same time, tears, displacements are formed in the disks, vertebral ligaments are damaged, constant aching pain, and pulsation occur.
The pain in the spine has several development mechanisms:
- Violation of microcirculation in the tissues surrounding the spine and, in particular, in the cerebrospinal canal, the formation of congestion and edema.Such conditions develop against the background of hypothermia, overheating, inflammatory processes.
- Degenerative processes in the fixing ligaments of the spine.An increase in the mobility of the vertebrae leads to their easy displacement and not physiological compression, which causes infringement of nerves, blood vessels, and the formation of hernias.
- The axial compression of the vertebrae when lifting weights or their damage with excessive rotation (rotation).
- Aseptic inflammation.The destruction of the nucleus leads to the exit in the cerebrospinal canal of sensitizing factors.An irritation of the nerve endings occurs, which causes a spasm of muscles that infringe on neighboring vertebrae - higher and below the hernia.Gradually, the reaction covers the entire lumbar and leads to the fact that any movements cause a feeling of pain.
The weakened disk can be torn with the formation of protrusion, protrusion or prolapse of the nucleus, and as a result - a hernia.The appearance of a hernia exerts pressure on the spinal cord and roots of the spinal nerves.In such conditions, pulsating lower back pain appears sharply, which diverges along the infringed nerve.The most famous cases of compression of the sciatic nerve (Ishias) are manifested by sharp pain on the posterior surface of the thigh and lower leg, numbness of the limb from the side of the hernia, muscle weakness, involuntary legs unfolding.
Pain in the lumbar spine intensify in a sitting position and standing, with turns, inclinations.Often there is a protective muscle reaction - a painful contraction of muscles (rollers) on both sides of the spine, which isolates the department from excess movement.Osteochondrosis subsequently leads to the appearance of lumbosacral radiculitis (inflammation of the roots of the spinal nerves).
The spine syndrome is dangerous with the infringement of the lower back nerves responsible for the innervation of the internal organs (horse tail roots).At the same time, pain is given to the stomach, the function of the bladder and intestines is impaired, problems with potency in men and gynecological diseases in women arise.
Many patients, due to the fact that the lower back hurts very much, take analgesic poses-reject the body to the left if the right side hurts;Lying on the right side if the hernia is on the left.The appearance of severe pain when pressed on a hernia in the intervertebral interval (call symptom) is also characteristic.
Than to treat if the back hurts with osteochondrosis:
- During the attack of pain, you can take an anesthetic pose - lie on your back, and put the roller under your knees.It is also recommended to sleep on a hard surface;
- From analgesic drugs, you can take NSAIDs inward or in the form of injections on both sides of the spine in the lumbar hotel;
- use local -growing agents as distracting therapy - mustard plasters, iodine mesh, peppers and ointments;
- eliminate mytical spasm by means of manual therapy, acupuncture, vacuum massage, reflexology, gymnastics;
- When fading the acute period, you can use mud treatment, ozokerite, warming.
Treatment of pain with radicular syndrome includes:
- ensuring the bed regime, traction of the lumbar region (dry or underwater);
- the use of analgesic blockade at the place of infringement, reception of NSAIDs or weak opiates;
- Physiotherapy - stimulation of microcurrents, electrophoresis with analgesics.
Indications for the operation are constant acute pain, as well as a violation of the function of internal organs, the development of paralysis of the limbs, the sequestration of a hernia in the spinal canal.
Degenerative-inflammatory lesions
Spondylarthrosis (inflammation of the arched joints of the vertebrae) occurs during degeneration, a decrease in the height and volume of the intervertebral discs.The lower back pains appear from overstrain of the capsule and increase the pressure on the surface of the intervertebral joints.Pain makes the patient bend more in the lower back, thus increasing the overload of the intervertebral joints.Particularly discomfort in the lower back is enhanced by wearing shoes in heels, long walking, lowering the slopes, the position when the body leaves back, for example, when considering something above the head.
In patients with such a diagnosis in the morning, stiffness in the lower back is noted, the pain increases during the day or after the load.It has a spilled character and is difficult to clearly show the boundaries: discomfort is determined in the gluteal muscles, inguinal region, lower abdomen, in the scrotum in men.This spondylarthrosis differs from the radicular syndrome, when you can indicate a source of pain pointarily.
What to do to relieve pain?Usually, the adoption of the situation on the back helps, bending the legs in the hip and knee joints.
Of the drugs, preference is given to non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs and non -narcotic analgesics.With acute back pain, an intramuscular introduction of NSAIDs gives an intramuscular effect.
Musodies are also added, as they relieve muscle tension and improve the mobility of the spine.
Psychotherapy has a positive effect, since chronic pain introduces the patient into a state of depression.
Spondylosis, unlike osteochondrosis, more affects the fibrous ring of the intervertebral disc and the front longitudinal ligaments.With this disease, composite -tissue structures are used with the formation along the edge of the vertebrae of growths - osteophytes.These formations cause a violation of microcirculation near the roots of nerves and lead to the fact that the back in the lower back hurts, and the mobility of this department is limited.
Treatment is usually conservative, using anti -inflammatory drugs, analgesics, vitamins.A good effect gives electrophoresis, manual therapy, physiotherapy (amplipulse, laser installation, shock-wave therapy to destroy compacted elements and increase the mobility of the spine).
Pay attention!
In an advanced stage, osteophytes are not absorbed.While their dimensions are small, the treatment is aimed at eliminating inflammation, pain, improving metabolism.If the back does not hurt very much, then nothing is done with growths.If osteophytes cause constant pain or have large sizes, then they can be removed during the operation.
Diseases of tumor nature
Low's pain can occur from compression of the spinal cord with a tumor from the outside (extramedullary formations) and from the inside (intramedullar, originating from the spinal substance itself).
Cells of various tissues can grow pathologically:
- fat - lipoma is formed;
- nerve roots - neurioma;
- spinal cord vessels - hemangioma;
- auxiliary fabric - glioma;
- bone tissue - osteosarcoma;
- cartilage fabric - chondrosarcoma.
The tumor process, especially malignant, is characterized by pain, which resembles radiculitis (can have one -sided and bilateral in nature), a general deterioration in the patient’s condition, exhaustion.
If the pathology affects the I - IV lumbar vertebrae, then burning pain is felt in front and on the sides of the upper thigh, incomplete paralysis of this area.
In case of damage in the area of the IV lumbar -sacral segments, numbness of the paraghenic region, impaired motor and sensitive innervation of the gluteal muscles, the back of the thigh, the calf, and the incontinence of feces and urine are noted.
A pronounced violation in the work of the pelvic organs occurs during the neoplasm in the area of the V - III sacral vertebrae.The patient suffers from sexual impotence or violation of menstruation, constipation or incontinence of feces and urine.
The treatment of tumors is specific, painkillers and antitumor drugs are prescription.
As you can see, the lower back pain is usually caused by musculoskeletal pathologies.They can be diagnosed by clinical signs and data of the study, the main task of which is to correctly determine the nature of the disease and not confuse it with cancer, diseases of internal organs or injury.If the lower back pain appears, we always recommend that you seek a neuropathologist or orthopedist for advice.